When normally use machining center undertakes machining operating, in all hoping to machine operation to be fastened in unified treatment coordinate, undertake, but in certain treatment the circumstance falls, use the skill that a few coordinate alternate, knot zygote program calls an instruction to be able to make treatment process designing more concise and easy. The author pursues CNC Machining job all the year round, the of all kinds problem that in be being machined actually, appears is aimed at in the job, induced a few means of settlements. Each instruction all is in the article consult system of OKUMA numerical control, translation of instruction, coordinate chooses in coordinate (rotate) with system of other numerical control some are distinguished on the pattern that changes an instruction with dimensional coordinate. One, machining center is commonly used system of numerical control of coordinate instruction machining center is commonly used the related to coordinate instruction that arrive has the following to plant (dictate with what use code has some of difference on the definition that all sorts of numerical control systems dictate in individual function, but the function is same) : G15 - coordinate ties an option; G90 - means of absolutely coordinate process designing; G91 - means of opposite coordinate process designing; G92 - coordinate fastens translation function; G11, G10 - coordinate department translation rotates, g11 rotates for coordinate department translation instruction, g10 is G11 cancel to dictate; G69, G68 - dimensional coordinate department changes a function, g68 changes an instruction for coordinate department, g68 is G69 cancel to dictate. In using G11/G10 to dictate the treatment that can choose in place is planar, current treatment coordinate department undertakes translation is mixed rotate, producing a local coordinate is. G69/G68 instruction is commonly used in the numerical control of the equipment that changes a function at deserving to have coordinate, wait like 5 machining center. Use at to X - the treatment place on plane undertakes machining process designing beyond Y plane. It is OK to use this statement the X of treatment plane translate into any direction - the processing of square all along of Y plane, solved aleatoric direction plane to machine the complex and fallible problem in change. G91 instruction is machining computation to undertake below increment means. G92 instruction can change the position that current coordinate fastens in the program, cause coordinate origin translation. These two instructions are used want discretion, especially G92, using inadvertent likelihood to cause treatment coordinate is missing, make full treatment was lost fiducial. But if use proper, can achieve the result that other injunction achieves hard. G91 instruction is machining computation to undertake below very kind, namely cost of all treatment statement all is with current work coordinate is fastened or local coordinate department is those who consult. This is instruction of a mode. 2, the use that coordinate dictates pursues 1 it is a fictitious spare parts sketch map, the machine program that we can use this casing model comes illuminate a few kinds of usage that coordinate dictates. Pursue suppose 1 spare parts needs to machine the following place: Graph 1 mill end face two quadrate windows are planar, size of treatment of two place plane is same, use cutting tool is face milling cutter; Two aperture are carried before mill face, use cutting tool is face milling cutter; Get in front two groups on the flange end panel of two aperture 4 aperture, the array way of every groups of aperture is same, cutting tool is twist drill; Before boring of essence of life two aperture, cutting tool is boring cutter of essence of life. Graph the treatment coordinate that 2 medium coordinate fasten O is workpiece is, coordinate department serial number is 1. Because the treatment of workpiece has in place,turn extent content, because this device that we use suppose is 5 machining center. Treatment of this few points can be of course in O of workpiece coordinate department, use the directest method process designing. (1) falls in G91 mode to the treatment of end face window, use absolute instruction value, draw up machine two place plane each machine program. (2) is in Z to the treatment of treatment place here in front - in X plane, need to choose Z first - X is planar, draw up in what choosing plane two place machine the machine program of place respectively next. Those who need an attention is, at this moment the first reference axis is axis of X of Z axis and rather than, this is in fixed loop instruction and function of certain maths computation is very important, require special attention, meet otherwise wrong. Graph 2 here we need not afore-mentioned methods, use the method that a few kinds of coordinate alternate however, will handle this few points to machine content, look to whether be compared with afore-mentioned methods more convenience. It is the method summarizes the process designing that every treatment place uses below: (Two aperture are carried before 1) mill face, use cutting tool is face milling cutter above all, treatment place is located in Z - inside X plane, the consideration uses coordinate to fasten changeover to dictate this treatment plane turns first for X - Y is planar, if pursue,2 shown coordinate fasten O1, more accord with operation and process designing habit. Can write coordinate changeover into the subprogram, so that weave,same area is called when program of place of all and other treatment. Used G68/G69 statement here. Mill two flange end panel, two place machine content likeness, can consider to use a subprogram. Because two place machine a face to not be in identical height, can use means of increment process designing to solve this one problem. (Before 2) getting two groups on the flange end panel of two aperture 4 aperture, the array way of every groups of aperture is same, cutting tool is twist drill two groups of Kong Jun are in Z - X is planar, because this can be called,use coordinate to change a subprogram. The array way of two groups of aperture is same, because this can be used same an aperture seat program. Of array center abhorrent, can use instruction of translation of coordinate of G11, G10 to solve. (Before 3) essence boring two aperture, cutting tool should use coordinate to change a subprogram likewise for boring cutter of essence of life, treatment process designing undertakes in coordinate department O1. Two aperture should use boring of essence of life to G76 essence to bore hole to dictate circularly. Want to use hole bottom to let knife parameter in this instruction: I, J, K, part corresponding X, Y, Z3 reference axis direction. Specific let a knife to direction of which one axis, want to see the way of point of a knife of particular boring tool. Here, if do not use coordinate to change an instruction, process designing still undertakes in O of workpiece coordinate department, machine plane to be Z - the negative direction of X plane, essence of life bores hole knife parameter address lets should be K and I in the loop, feed axis is Y axis, process designing makes mistake more easily. After calling coordinate to fasten transition program now, treatment plane and send direction to all change the way that is familiar with to machine place commonly, namely X - of Y plane to to machine plane, essence of life bores hole knife parameter address lets be I and J in the loop, z axis negative direction is give way, process designing is much easier. This is one of advantage that changeover of use coordinate department dictates. (4) mill plane of two quadrate windows because size of plane of two place treatment is same, the mill face subprogram that so the consideration weaves one is united, use call the method at the program to simplify machine program. Although be on same way,two place machine a face here, but not be inside same plane, cannot use coordinate translation so, nonexistent turn side issue, also cannot change a function with coordinate so. We can use instruction of G92 coordinate translation to realize two place to machine the changeover of the face here. Because G92 instruction wants to change current work coordinate to be fastened in machine tool coordinate to fasten medium seat, when using must discreet. Specific means is the specific place that dictates in the main program cutting tool moves to machine a face at the purpose relatively to first, call a face to machine a subprogram next. The content of the subprogram is: Choose to dictate the choice is additional with G15 coordinate department first a coordinate of serial number is (this coordinate is fastened in this program not to make other utility) , dictate with G92 will current drop sets one of be fastened for new coordinate to be nodded specificly next, finished the translation that machines coordinate department so. The mill face order that leave can tie next staffs in this coordinate. After program of action of face of the mill that finish, must returning primary treatment coordinate first is, quit mill face program next. Call program of this mill face repeatedly with same method, can complete the treatment with much same point. 3, machine program give typical examples is here, we are OK will before narrate treatment content to write machine program: T1 of program of face of mill of O0001(EXAMPLE PROGRAM OF USING COD COMMAND)N10(FACEING T1) moves a knife to dictate M6 changes a knife to dictate G15 H1 chooses coordinate of a workpiece is to be current treatment coordinate to fasten 2 VC10 of ＝ of CALL OB VC20 ＝ 1 call coordinate to change subprogram OB, use coordinate fastens O1MODIN OFAC to call subprogram OFAC: This instruction encounters cost of a group of coordinate for every, after cutting tool moves this a little bit, call a subprogram. The subprogram calls end X X1 Y Y1 X X2 Y Y2 MODOUT CALL OCAN to call coordinate changeover to cancel T2 of program of drilling of subprogram N20(DRILLING T2) to move a knife to dictate M6 changes a knife to dictate CALL OB VC20=2 VC10=2 calls coordinate to change subprogram OB, use coordinate fastens bore of O1NCYL G81 Z Z1 R R1 F100 S350 to secure a loop, current drop does not carry out coordinate of G11 X X1 Y Y1 to fasten translation instruction, origin translation calls coordinate of G10 of aperture seat program to fasten translation to end coordinate of G11 X X2 Y Y2 to CALL OP4 of 1 aperture center is translation instruction, origin translation calls coordinate of G10 of aperture seat program to CALL OP of 2 aperture center is end of translation end G80 fixed loop CALL OCAN calls coordinate changeover to cancel essence of subprogram N30(FINISH BORING T3) to bore hole M6 of instruction of knife of program T3 attune changes a knife to dictate CALL OB VC20=2 VC10=2 calls coordinate to change subprogram OB, use coordinate fastens O1NCYL G76 Z ZZ R Rl1-0. 5Ff60 S300 essence bores hole circularly, x axis loses direction to bore hole to end CALL OCAN to call coordinate changeover to cancel a subprogram circularly to return choice of knife direction X X1 Y Y1 X X2 Y Y2 G80.
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T4 of program of end face of mill of N40(FACING TOP SIDE T4) moves a knife to dictate M6 changes a knife to dictate G15H1 chooses a coordinate is to be current work coordinate to fasten G56 Z.
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H4 adds speed of cutting tool of GO X Xa X Ya Z Za of knife senior compensation to 100mm of upper part of center of area of the first rectangular treatment to be in CALL OFT to call speed of cutting tool of GO X Xb X Yb Z Zb of program of mill rectangle face to place of 100mm of upper part of center of area of the 2nd rectangular treatment in Z direction CALL OFF calls mill rectangle main program of face program M2, add compensation of cutting tool length and accessory head to compensate GO Y at the same time... X... Z... run cutting tool comfortable the positional G69 X at changeover... Y... Z... R90 coordinate department changes an instruction: Treatment coordinate department changes O1GO XO YO Z100 to give a knife to prepare positional RTS to return cutting tool from O / cutting tool of GO Z Z2 of program of face of flange of OFAC(FACING ROUND) mill sends treatment G91 G1 Y-A F100 M3 of rotate speed of deepness S500 main shaft convert increment kind goes a knife, cutting tool cuts interpolation of circular arc of treatment place G2 JA, cutting tool of G1 YA F500 of mill flange face exits treatment place G90 GO Z100 M5 to restore very kind, RTS of position of preparation of cutting tool go back is returned / BHC XO YO I R1 J45 K4 of subprogram of position of opening of OP4(POSITION OF 4 HOLES) uses opening of calculation of mathematical computation form; Circular array, the center is coordinate origin, radius is R1, initiative horn is 45 degrees, in all 4 aperture RTS is returned / G15H5 of subprogram of rectangle of OFT(FACING SQUARE) mill calls 5 coordinate department to be current treatment coordinate is (temporarily) dot of will present location sets G92 X0Y0Z100 to be fastened to machine coordinate currently (0, 0, program of process of treatment of rectangular face of 100) dot G0Z0... (mill face processes an instruction) ... GO Z100 cutting tool exits G15 H1 to will machine coordinate department to return a coordinate currently is the treatment content that RTS returns use subprogram to call means to handle likeness, can make the program of machining center edits simply easily legibly, reduce the possibility that make mistake. When handling this kind of issue, want to find out the same point that should machine different position and different point above all, what public subprogram reflects is the machines content general character of different treatment place. When processing machines a problem, certain likeness machines the different point of place, through processing an instruction to numerical control system apply neatly, also but feature of translate into general character, can be handled so with public subprogram. A few kinds of coordinate that mention above us point to just can use finish certain this kind is changed, with going to the lavatory we use a subprogram to solve problem of this kind of treatment. CNC Milling